Atahualpa was the last Sapa Inca, emperor of the Inca Empire.
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Pizarro and the conquistadors invaded the Incan Empire in 1532, just as the Incan civil war was ending. He imprisoned the new emperor Atahualpa and demanded the Inca gold as ransom.
Most of the gold was on the hands of loyalists of the deposed emperor, Huascar, and they refused to pay, instead hiding the gold in a secret temple where Manco Tapac could protect it.